proof of-stakeL1Est. 2015EthereumThe leading smart contract platform and home to DeFi.TVL$50B+Avg Gas$2-50
optimistic rollupL2Est. 2021ArbitrumLeading Ethereum Layer 2 with optimistic rollup technology.TVL$3B+Avg Gas$0.10-1
proof of-historyL1Est. 2020SolanaHigh-performance Layer 1 blockchain known for speed and low costs.TVL$5B+Avg Gas$0.001-0.01
optimistic rollupL2Est. 2023BaseCoinbase-backed Ethereum L2 bringing the next billion users onchain.TVL$2B+Avg Gas$0.01-0.10
optimistic rollupL2Est. 2021OptimismEthereum L2 focused on public goods and the OP Stack ecosystem.TVL$1B+Avg Gas$0.01-0.20
proof of-stakeL1Est. 2017PolygonLeading Ethereum scaling solution with fast transactions and low costs.TVL$1B+Avg Gas$0.001-0.01
proof of-stakeL1Est. 2020AvalancheHigh-speed Layer 1 blockchain with sub-second finality and subnet architecture.TVL$1B+Avg Gas$0.05-0.25
delegated posL1Est. 2019Cosmos HubThe internet of blockchains enabling interoperability through IBC protocol.TVL$1B+Avg Gas$0.01-0.05
proof of-stakeL1Est. 2020BNB ChainHigh-throughput EVM-compatible blockchain backed by Binance.TVL$3B+Avg Gas$0.05-0.20
delegated posL1Est. 2020PolkadotHeterogeneous multi-chain protocol enabling cross-chain interoperability.TVL$500M+Avg Gas$0.01-0.10
delegated posL1Est. 2023SuiHigh-performance Layer 1 blockchain built with Move programming language.TVL$500M+Avg Gas< $0.01
zk rollupL2Est. 2023LineaEthereum L2 powered by zero-knowledge proofs, built by Consensys.TVL$500M+Avg Gas$0.05-0.20
zk rollupL2Est. 2023zkSync EraEthereum L2 with native account abstraction and zk-rollup technology.TVL$400M+Avg Gas$0.10-0.50
zk rollupL2Est. 2023ScrollEthereum-native zkEVM Layer 2 with bytecode-level compatibility.TVL$300M+Avg Gas$0.05-0.20
zk rollupL2Est. 2023Polygon zkEVMZero-knowledge scaling solution from Polygon with EVM equivalence.TVL$100M+Avg Gas$0.05-0.15
zk rollupL2Est. 2022StarknetEthereum L2 using STARK proofs with Cairo native smart contracts.TVL$200M+Avg Gas$0.01-0.10
optimistic rollupL2Est. 2023MantleModular Ethereum L2 with data availability innovations.TVL$300M+Avg Gas$0.01-0.05